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Fragaria vesca

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Rosales Family: Rosaceae Genus: Fragaria

alpine strawberry, European strawberry, sow-teat strawberry, wild strawberry, woodland strawberry

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial herbs.

Stems: Producing long slender stolons.

Roots: From 1 to several clumped rhizomes 1–5 cm long.

Leaves: Leaves compound (odd-pinnate). In a basal rosette. Leaflets ovate, obovate, or sometimes rhombic, leaflets (1–)2–8 cm long, 1–5 cm wide, lateral petiolules 0.1–0.5 cm long, the terminal ones 0.1–0.6 cm long. Upper surfaces bright green, sparsely appressed long–pilose, glabrate with age; lower surfaces glaucous and sparsely to moderately appressed silky pilose, sometimes glabrate with age. Margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only in upper ½. Petioles 2–18 cm long, silky pilose (hairs retrorsely appressed or sometimes spreading). Stipules brown, membranous, usually 0.8–1.7 cm long, coherent to base of petioles.

Flowers: Flowers in scapes 5–30 cm long, about as long as or longer than leaves, erect in fruit. Flowers bisexual (perfect) or unisexual (and then plants polygamodioecious). Pedicels usually 15–20 mm long; epicalyx lobes lanceolate, 3.3–5 mm long. Calyx of 5 sepals, ovate, distinct, imbricate, 3.5–5 mm long, sparsely strigose. Corolla of 5 petals, white, obovate, distinct, imbricate, 4.5–7 mm long. Stamens numerous, in 1–3 whorls, persistent; filaments slender; anthers dithecal. Ovary superior, carpels numerous, attached to the elevated conical receptacle; styles lateral.

Fruit: Fruit an aggregate consisting of numerous minute achenes borne on the surface of the enlarged fleshy receptacle; white or sometimes red; rather dry; hemispherical; 1–1.5 cm long. Achenes superficially attached; 1–1.3 mm long. Seeds 1 per achene.

Ploidy: 2n = 14; 35

Habitat: Mesic to wet forest.

Elevation Range: 730–1,700 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 494 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1104 (K, H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Fragaria vesca Kapilimao UNKNOWN . Coordinates do not match to country in source data. Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria Vladimir J. Krajina V184612 Hawaii HAPI 6/22/1966
2 Fragaria vesca unknown Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21509 BISH
3 Fragaria vesca Kipuka puaulu, Volcanoes National Park Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6330 Hawaii BISH 1970-01-08
4 Fragaria vesca My garden, Kokee Preserved_Specimen Plews, J.H.R. Kauai BISH 1987-04-10
5 Fragaria vesca Kokee: Camp 10 Road; Garden at Plew's residence Preserved_Specimen Plews, J.H.R. Kauai BISH 1986-10-23
6 Fragaria vesca Mauna Loa; Keauhou Ranch Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH
7 Fragaria vesca Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, near Puu oo Trail Growing on ridge near Pu`u O`o trail, beneath pole ohia. Preserved_Specimen Herb. Common groundcover. Flowers and fruit white. Cuddihy, L.W. 52 Hawaii BISH 1979-12-18
8 Fragaria vesca Waikoloa paddock, Waimea, Hamakua exposed slope, moist place Preserved_Specimen frs. red, fls. white Hosaka, E.Y. 2092 Hawaii BISH 1938-05-25
9 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, Kipuka Puaulu mesic forest of Sapindus, Acacia, Myrsine, Straussia, etc. Preserved_Specimen herb Stone, B.C. 3076 Hawaii BISH 1959-08-08
10 Fragaria vesca Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, near Puu oo Trail Growing on a ridge, beneath pole ohia. Preserved_Specimen Herb. Flowers and fruit white. Cuddihy, L.W. 51 Hawaii BISH 1979-12-18
11 Fragaria vesca Kilauea Camp sunny, open lawn Preserved_Specimen Cowan, R.S. Hawaii BISH 1946-12-25
12 Fragaria vesca Stainback Highway common and appearing to be native in open forest Preserved_Specimen fruit white Degener, O. 21822 Hawaii BISH 1952-02-15
13 Fragaria vesca Mauka of Kulani Prison Common. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27832 Hawaii BISH 1961-07-08
14 Fragaria vesca Waininiua trail, Kokee, Waimea moist Metrosideros woods, edge of clearing Preserved_Specimen fls. white St.John, H. 22884 Kauai BISH 1947-12-21
15 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, Kilauea Iki Crater moist wooded part of east wall of crater Preserved_Specimen Inflorescences erect, fruits nodding, fleshy, white, achenes, when well developed, somewhat sunken in pits or almost superficial Fosberg, F.R. 46050 Hawaii BISH 1965-03-19
16 Fragaria vesca Ainahou-upper Piihonua In soil pockets under ohia canopy. Preserved_Specimen Herbs. Team 3650 Hawaii BISH 1987-08-01
17 Fragaria vesca Hawaii Natl. Park, Bird Park open woods Preserved_Specimen Fr. white St.John, H. 11252 Hawaii BISH 1931-12-22
18 Fragaria vesca Kilohana Lookout Growing at picnic grounds. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20595 Kauai BISH 1950-01-30
19 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, along Crater Rim Trail, Kilauea Iki Crater between research area and Thurston Lava Tube; Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4860 Hawaii BISH 1983-07-26
20 Fragaria vesca Kulani Project, South Hilo District, near Puu Kipu Common on floor of open Metrosideros forest with understory of native trees and shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Low herb, spreading by runners. Flowers white. Fruit green and white. Cuddihy, L.W. 724 Hawaii BISH 1981-02-20
21 Fragaria vesca Saddle Road Cool, open forest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27831 Hawaii BISH 1961-07-08
22 Fragaria vesca Kilauea, Hilo side of National Park grassy cleared places Preserved_Specimen flowers and fruit white Fosberg, V.O. 56 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-10
23 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, Kau, along trail from Crater Rim road to Thurston Lava Tube wet forest Preserved_Specimen perianth white, stamens yellow Lammers, T.G. 5390 Hawaii BISH 1983-09-02
24 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, 1.5 air miles S. of Volcano House tree fern forest; frequent with Uncinia, Cibotium, Astelia, Sadleria, Coprosma, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 4085 Hawaii BISH 1969-08-06
25 Fragaria vesca Near Kamuela reservoirs, Kohala grassy, shrubby slope in gulch Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20064 Hawaii BISH 1949-08-27
26 Fragaria vesca Kipuka Ki, Volcanoes National Park Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9727 Hawaii BISH 1981-12-23
27 Fragaria vesca slopes of Mauna Kea, Waikii mixed with grass Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 474 Hawaii BISH 1911-08-01
28 Fragaria vesca Kulani Project, South Hilo District, near Puu Kipu UNKNOWN . Coordinates do not match to country in source data. Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria Vladimir J. Krajina V186470 Hawaii HAPI 12/25/1961
29 Fragaria vesca 29 miles, Kilauea region Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23724 Hawaii BISH 1954-11-12
30 Fragaria vesca Kipuka Ki, Volcanoes National Park Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9727 Hawaii BISH 1981-12-23
31 Fragaria vesca Kapilimao UNKNOWN . Coordinates do not match to country in source data. Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria Vladimir J. Krajina V184612 Hawaii HAPI 6/22/1966
32 Fragaria vesca unknown Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21509 BISH
33 Fragaria vesca Kipuka puaulu, Volcanoes National Park Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6330 Hawaii BISH 1970-01-08
34 Fragaria vesca My garden, Kokee Preserved_Specimen Plews, J.H.R. Kauai BISH 1987-04-10
35 Fragaria vesca Kokee: Camp 10 Road; Garden at Plew's residence Preserved_Specimen Plews, J.H.R. Kauai BISH 1986-10-23
36 Fragaria vesca Mauna Loa; Keauhou Ranch Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH
37 Fragaria vesca Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, near Puu oo Trail Growing on ridge near Pu`u O`o trail, beneath pole ohia. Preserved_Specimen Herb. Common groundcover. Flowers and fruit white. Cuddihy, L.W. 52 Hawaii BISH 1979-12-18
38 Fragaria vesca Waikoloa paddock, Waimea, Hamakua exposed slope, moist place Preserved_Specimen frs. red, fls. white Hosaka, E.Y. 2092 Hawaii BISH 1938-05-25
39 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, Kipuka Puaulu mesic forest of Sapindus, Acacia, Myrsine, Straussia, etc. Preserved_Specimen herb Stone, B.C. 3076 Hawaii BISH 1959-08-08
40 Fragaria vesca Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, near Puu oo Trail Growing on a ridge, beneath pole ohia. Preserved_Specimen Herb. Flowers and fruit white. Cuddihy, L.W. 51 Hawaii BISH 1979-12-18
41 Fragaria vesca Kilauea Camp sunny, open lawn Preserved_Specimen Cowan, R.S. Hawaii BISH 1946-12-25
42 Fragaria vesca Stainback Highway common and appearing to be native in open forest Preserved_Specimen fruit white Degener, O. 21822 Hawaii BISH 1952-02-15
43 Fragaria vesca Mauka of Kulani Prison Common. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27832 Hawaii BISH 1961-07-08
44 Fragaria vesca Waininiua trail, Kokee, Waimea moist Metrosideros woods, edge of clearing Preserved_Specimen fls. white St.John, H. 22884 Kauai BISH 1947-12-21
45 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, Kilauea Iki Crater moist wooded part of east wall of crater Preserved_Specimen Inflorescences erect, fruits nodding, fleshy, white, achenes, when well developed, somewhat sunken in pits or almost superficial Fosberg, F.R. 46050 Hawaii BISH 1965-03-19
46 Fragaria vesca Ainahou-upper Piihonua In soil pockets under ohia canopy. Preserved_Specimen Herbs. Team 3650 Hawaii BISH 1987-08-01
47 Fragaria vesca Hawaii Natl. Park, Bird Park open woods Preserved_Specimen Fr. white St.John, H. 11252 Hawaii BISH 1931-12-22
48 Fragaria vesca Kilohana Lookout Growing at picnic grounds. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20595 Kauai BISH 1950-01-30
49 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, along Crater Rim Trail, Kilauea Iki Crater between research area and Thurston Lava Tube; Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4860 Hawaii BISH 1983-07-26
50 Fragaria vesca Kulani Project, South Hilo District, near Puu Kipu Common on floor of open Metrosideros forest with understory of native trees and shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Low herb, spreading by runners. Flowers white. Fruit green and white. Cuddihy, L.W. 724 Hawaii BISH 1981-02-20
51 Fragaria vesca Saddle Road Cool, open forest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27831 Hawaii BISH 1961-07-08
52 Fragaria vesca Kilauea, Hilo side of National Park grassy cleared places Preserved_Specimen flowers and fruit white Fosberg, V.O. 56 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-10
53 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, Kau, along trail from Crater Rim road to Thurston Lava Tube wet forest Preserved_Specimen perianth white, stamens yellow Lammers, T.G. 5390 Hawaii BISH 1983-09-02
54 Fragaria vesca Volcanoes National Park, 1.5 air miles S. of Volcano House tree fern forest; frequent with Uncinia, Cibotium, Astelia, Sadleria, Coprosma, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 4085 Hawaii BISH 1969-08-06
55 Fragaria vesca Near Kamuela reservoirs, Kohala grassy, shrubby slope in gulch Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20064 Hawaii BISH 1949-08-27
56 Fragaria vesca Kipuka Ki, Volcanoes National Park Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9727 Hawaii BISH 1981-12-23
57 Fragaria vesca slopes of Mauna Kea, Waikii mixed with grass Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 474 Hawaii BISH 1911-08-01
58 Fragaria vesca Kulani Project, South Hilo District, near Puu Kipu UNKNOWN . Coordinates do not match to country in source data. Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria Vladimir J. Krajina V186470 Hawaii HAPI 12/25/1961
59 Fragaria vesca 29 miles, Kilauea region Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23724 Hawaii BISH 1954-11-12
60 Fragaria vesca Kipuka Ki, Volcanoes National Park Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9727 Hawaii BISH 1981-12-23
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